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	<title>Programmer Guide/SPU Reference/SHEPARD - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-05-06T10:58:16Z</updated>
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		<id>https://mediawiki.kfs.oeaw.ac.at/stx/docs/wiki/index.php?title=Programmer_Guide/SPU_Reference/SHEPARD&amp;diff=4489&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Toni: moved Programmer Guide/SPU Reference/SHEPARD - A Shepard tone generator to Programmer Guide/SPU Reference/SHEPARD</title>
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		<updated>2011-04-28T10:08:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;moved &lt;a href=&quot;/stx/docs/wiki/index.php/Programmer_Guide/SPU_Reference/SHEPARD_-_A_Shepard_tone_generator&quot; class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; title=&quot;Programmer Guide/SPU Reference/SHEPARD - A Shepard tone generator&quot;&gt;Programmer Guide/SPU Reference/SHEPARD - A Shepard tone generator&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;/stx/docs/wiki/index.php/Programmer_Guide/SPU_Reference/SHEPARD&quot; title=&quot;Programmer Guide/SPU Reference/SHEPARD&quot;&gt;Programmer Guide/SPU Reference/SHEPARD&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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		<author><name>Toni</name></author>
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		<title>Admin: 1 revision:&amp;#32;Initial import</title>
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		<updated>2010-11-18T16:31:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;1 revision: Initial import&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 18:31, 18 November 2010&lt;/td&gt;
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		<title>193.171.195.8: initial import</title>
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		<updated>2010-05-17T13:05:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;initial import&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{DISPLAYTITLE:{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}&lt;br /&gt;
====SHEPARD - A Shepard tone generator====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=====Usage:=====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;SHEPARD &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;SR&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;L&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;F1&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;F2&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;T&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;Q&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=====Inputs:=====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;SR&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The sampling rate in Hz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;L&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The length of the output buffer (number of samples / evaluation cycle).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;F1&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The start frequency in Hz.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;F2&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The end frequency in Hz.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The maximum component magnitude (linear).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;T&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The frequency change rate (seconds / interval step).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;Q&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The interval stepping factor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=====Outputs:=====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;Y&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:A number (&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;L&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;=1) or vector (&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;L&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;&amp;gt;1) samples of synthesized Shepard tone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=====Function:=====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;SHEPARD&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; atom implements a method for synthesizing rising and falling Shepard tones. The factor &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;Q&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; defines the interval ratio between two components (def.=2) and the value of &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;T&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; is the duration used for one interval step (in seconds, def.=1). If &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;F1&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; is lower than &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;F2&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;, a tone with raising frequencies is generated, otherwise the frequencies are falling. The number of components &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;n&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; is computed to satisfy the conditions for &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;fn&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;. In one time interval &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;T&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;, the frequency of a component &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;i&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; is changed continuously from &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;fi&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; to &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;fi&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;Q&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; (rising) or &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;fi&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;/&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;Q&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; (falling). After each interval one component leaves the frequency range (and is removed) while a component with starting frequency &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;F1&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt; is added to the tone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:1275.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
fmin = min(&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;F1&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;,&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;F2&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;),&lt;br /&gt;
fmax = max(&amp;lt;var&amp;gt;F1&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;var&amp;gt;F2&amp;lt;/var&amp;gt;)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>193.171.195.8</name></author>
	</entry>
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